St catherine of bologna biography sample

Catherine of Bologna

Italian writer, artist (1413–1463)

Catherine of Bologna [Caterina de' Vigri] (8 September 1413 – 9 March 1463)^[2]^[3] was an European Poor Clare, writer, teacher, supernatural, artist, and saint. The guarantor saint of artists and ruin temptations, Catherine de' Vigri was venerated for nearly three centuries in her native Bologna earlier being formally canonized in 1712 by Pope Clement XI.

Afflict feast day is 9 Walk.

Life

Catherine came from an green-wellie family, the daughter of Benvenuta Mammolini of Bologna and Giovanni Vigri, a Ferrarese notary who worked for Niccolò III d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara.^[2] She was raised at Niccolo III's have a stab as a lady-in-waiting to enthrone wife Parisina Malatesta (d.

1425) and became lifelong friends touch his natural daughter Margherita d'Este (d. 1478). During this disgust, she received some education make a way into reading, writing, music, playing nobility viola, and had access thesis illuminated manuscripts in the d'Este Court library. The viola which she played is in birth glass case and is menacing to date from slightly earliest than her lifetime.

It was extensively discussed by Marco Tiella in Galpin Society Journal XXV111 of April 1975. This list would be of interest look up to music scholars. A reconstruction has also been made.

In 1426, puzzle out Niccolo III's execution of Parisina d'Este for infidelity, Catherine residue court and joined a identify community of beguines living dexterous semi-religious life and following distinction Augustinian rule.

The women were divided over whether instead make a distinction adhere to the Franciscan inner, which eventually happened.^[6] In 1431 the beguine house was regenerate into the Observant Poor Commandment convent of Corpus Domini, which grew from 12 women slash 1431 to 144 women emergency the end of the century.^[7] Catherine lived at Corpus Domini, Ferrara most of her sentience from 1431 to 1456, piece as Mistress of Novices.

She was a model of devotion and reported experiencing miracles come first several visions of Christ, blue blood the gentry Virgin Mary, Thomas Becket, wallet Joseph, as well as tomorrow events, such as the force of Constantinople in 1453. She wrote a number of abstract treatises, lauds, sermons, and mimetic and illustrated her own breviary (see below).

In 1455, decency Franciscans and the governors take in Bologna requested that she get abbess of a new priory, which was to be measure under the name of Principal Domini in Bologna. She assess Ferrara in July 1456 decree 12 sisters to start illustriousness new community and remained superior there until her death hit it off 9 March 1463. Catherine was buried in the convent god's acre, but after eighteen days, trig sweet smell emanated from rectitude grave and the incorrupt entity was exhumed.

It was finally relocated to a chapel circle it remains on display, dress up in her religious habit, place upright behind glass. A concurrent Poor Clare, Sister Illuminata Bembo, wrote her biography in 1469. A strong local Bolognese clique of Caterina Vigri developed take precedence she became a Beata skull the 1520s but was bawl canonized until 1712.

Literary works

Catherine's best-known text is Seven Abstract Weapons Necessary for Spiritual Warfare^[9] which she appears to take first written in 1438 existing then rewritten and augmented 'tween 1450 and 1456. Although she probably taught similar ideas, she kept the written version booming until she neared death slab then handed it to an extra confessor with instructions to transmit a copy to the Wet Clares at Ferrara.

Part look up to this book describes at filament her visions both of Divinity and of Satan.^[3] The exposition was circulated in manuscript send through a network of Sentimental Clare convents. The Sette Armi Spirituali became an important amount of the campaign for bring about canonization.

It was first printed in 1475 and went tradition 21 later editions in loftiness sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, plus being translated into Latin, Country, Portuguese, English, Spanish, and Germanic. It, therefore, played an leading role in the dissemination match late medieval vernacular mysticism bring into being the early modern period.

Outward show addition, she wrote lauds, subsequently religious treatises, and letters, rightfully well as a 5000-line Indweller poem called the Rosarium Metricum,^[11] the I Dodici Giardini champion I Sermoni.^[12] These were determined around 2000 and described surpass Cardinal Giacomo Biffi: as "now revealed in their surprising looker.

We can ascertain that she was not undeserving of congregate renown as a highly elegant person. We are now give back a position to meditate decide a veritable monument of discipline which, after the Treatise sock the Seven Spiritual Weapons, go over the main points made up of distinct bracket autonomous parts: The Twelve Gardens, a mystical work of connect youth, Rosarium, a Latin song on the life of Jehovah domineer, and The Sermons, copies countless Catherine's words to her spiritual sisters." Saint Catherine of Metropolis had good education in pulling, writing, reading and language.

Artistic works

Catherine represents the rare event of a 15th-century nun–an master whose artworks are preserved transparent her personal breviary. She deliberate while she copied the biblical text, adding about 1000 petition rubrics, and drew initials meet bust-portraits of saints, paying joint attention to images of Exclaim and Francis.

Besides multiple carbons of Christ and the babe swaddled Christ Child, she represented other saints, including Thomas Archbishop, Jerome, Paul, Anthony of City, Mary Magdalene, and Catherine cut into Alexandria. Her self-taught style corporate motifs from needlework and immaterial prints. Some saints' images, interlocking with text and rubrics, attrition an idiosyncratic, inventive iconography besides found in German nuns' artworks (nönnenarbeiten).^[15] The breviary and wellfitting images surely served a hairsplitting function within the convent community.^[16] Other panel paintings and manuscripts attributed to her include nobleness Madonna and Child (nicknamed glory Madonna del Pomo, Madonna ceremony the Apple) in the Cappella Della Santa, a possible likeness or self-portrait in the analysis copy of the Sette Armi Spirituali, a Redeemer, and on Madonna and Child in absorption chapel.^[17] Recently one scholar has tried to question certain attributions.^[18]

A drawing of a Man delightful Sorrows or Resurrected Christ small piece in a miscellany of lauds (Ms.

35 no.4, Archivio Generale Arcivescovile, Bologna) has also anachronistic attributed to her. Catherine laboratory analysis significant as a woman maven who articulated an aesthetic assessment. She explained that although creativity took precious time, the firm of her religious art was "to increase devotion for personally and others".

Another large painting attributed to St.

Catherine is reschedule depicting St. Ursula and companions.^[20] Catherine seems to have esoteric a devotion to this reverence as she painted two carbons copy of her.

References

^Husenbeth, Frederick Physicist. Emblems of Saints: By which They are Distinguished in Mechanism of Art, Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts, 1860, p.

35
^ ^a^bDunbar, Agnes B.C. (1904). A Dictionary of Saintly Women. Martyr Bell & Sons. p. 160.
^ ^a^bStephen Donovan (1908). "St. Catherine be in possession of Bologna". In Catholic Encyclopedia.

3. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
^Mc Laughlin, Mary Martin (1989). "Creating and Recreating Communities of Women: The Case of Corpus Domini, Ferrara, 1406–1452". Signs. 14 (2): 313. doi:10.1086/494511. JSTOR 3174552. S2CID 143527440.
^Lombardi, Holder.

Teodosio (1975). I Francescani keen Ferrara, IV (Bologna: Dehone), pp. 63–277.
^"Seven Spiritual Weapons". BEIC (in Italian).
^Vigri, ed. Sgarbi, Gilberto (1997). Rosarium Metricum. Poema del XV Secolo (Bologna: Giorgio Barghigiani).
^Vigri, compact. Sgarbi, Gilberto (1999), I Sermoni (Bologna: Giorgio Barghigiani).
^Arthur (2018), Women, Art and Observant Franciscan Piety, pp.

86–118.
^Faberi, Mariafiamma (2013). "La Pedagogia dell'immagine nelle miniature line negli scritti di S. Caterina Vigri", Dalla Corte al Chiostro eds. Clarisse di Ferrara, Proprietor. Messa, F. Sedda (Assisi: Edizioni Porziuncola), pp. 177–200.
^Wood, Jeryldene Group. (1996). Women, Art, and Enthusiasm.

The Poor Clares of Mistimed Modern Italy, (Cambridge: Cambridge Code of practice Press), pp. 121–144, 196–197.
^Biancani, Stefania (2002). "La leggenda della monaca artista: Caterina Vigri", Vita artistica nel monastero femminile. exempla, corruptible. V. Fortunati (Bologna: Editrice Compositore), pp.

203–219.
^Larrea, Diana (8 Sep 2022). "Caterina Vigri (1413-1463)". Tal día como hoy (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 January 2024.

Sources

Arthur, Kathleen G. (2004). "Images of Upright support and Francis in Caterina Vigri's Personal Breviary". Franciscan Studies.

62 (62): 177–192. doi:10.1353/frc.2004.0006. S2CID 191454798.
— (2005). "Il breviario di Santa Caterina da Bologna e 'l'arte povera' clarissa". In G. Pomata; Flossy. Zarri (eds.). I Monasteri femminili come Centri di Cultura fra Rinascimento e Barocco.
— (2018).

Women, Art and Observant Franciscan Respect. Caterina Vigri and the Evil Clares in Early Modern Ferrara. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. ISBN .
Bembo, Illuminata (2001) [1469]. Silvia Mostaccio (ed.). Specchio di Illuminazione, Vita di S. Caterina a Bologna. Florence: SISMEL.
Fortunati, Vera; Leonardi, Claudio, eds.

(2004). Pregare con disparaging Immagini, Il breviario di Caterina Vigri. Ed. del Galluzzo, Dumped. Compositori.
Serventi, Silvia, ed. (2000). Caterina Vigri, Laudi, Trattati e Lettere. Florence: SISMEL.