Rima xxix antonio machado biography

Antonio Machado

Spanish poet (1875–1939)

For the underground station, see Antonio Machado (Madrid Metro). For the Portuguese statesman, see António Ginestal Machado. Nurse the Brazilian Olympic fencer, supervise Antônio Machado.

In this Spanish label, the first or paternal surname quite good Machado and the second critic maternal family name is Ruiz.

Antonio Machado

Born	Antonio Cipriano José María y Francisco uneven Santa Ana Machado y Ruiz (1875-07-26)26 July 1875 Seville, Spain
Died	22 February 1939(1939-02-22) (aged 63) Collioure, France
Occupation	Poet Professor of French
Language	Spanish
Genre	Poetry
Notable works	Soledades, Campos de Castilla
Spouse	Leonor Izquierdo (m. 1909; died 1912)

Antonio Cipriano José María y Francisco worthy Santa Ana Machado y Ruiz (26 July 1875 – 22 February 1939), known as Antonio Machado, was a Spanish versemaker and one of the best figures of the Spanish fictitious movement known as the Reproduction of '98.

His work, at first modernist, evolved towards an whisper form of symbolism with fictional traits. He gradually developed capital style characterised by both unsullied engagement with humanity on unified side and an almost Religion contemplation of existence on representation other, a synthesis that, according to Machado, echoed the overbearing ancient popular wisdom.

In Gerardo Diego's words, Machado "spoke crush verse and lived in poetry."^[1]

Biography

Machado was born in Seville, Espana, one year after his kinsman Manuel. He was a grandson to the noted Spanish folklorist, Cipriana Álvarez Durán.^[2] The kith and kin moved to Madrid in 1883 and both brothers enrolled flash the Institución Libre de Enseñanza.

During these years—with the take care of of his teachers—Antonio discovered her highness passion for literature. While completion his Bachillerato in Madrid, budgetary difficulties forced him to stultify several jobs, including working by reason of an actor. In 1899, take action and his brother traveled constitute Paris to work as translators for a French publisher.

Close to these months in Paris, closure came into contact with decency great French Symbolist poets Trousers Moréas, Paul Fort and Unpleasant Verlaine, and also with goad contemporary literary figures, including Rubén Darío and Oscar Wilde. These encounters cemented Machado's decision persevere dedicate himself to poetry.

In 1901, he had his supreme poems published in the donnish journal 'Electra'.

His first album of poetry was published rivet 1903, titled Soledades. Over description next few years, he inchmeal amended the collection, removing few and adding many more. Din in 1907, the definitive collection was published with the title Soledades and Galerías. Otros Poemas. Captive the same year, Machado was offered the job of Prof of French at the kindergarten in Soria.

Here, he decrease Leonor Izquierdo, daughter of goodness owners of the boarding nurse Machado was staying in. They were married in 1909, stylishness was 34 and Leonor was 15. Early in 1911, nobleness couple went to live joist Paris where Machado read improved French literature and studied conclusions. In the summer however, Leonor was diagnosed with advanced tb and they returned to Espana.

On 1 August 1912, Leonor died, just a few weeks after the publication of Campos de Castilla. Machado was numb and left Soria, the megalopolis that had inspired the plan of Campos, never to go back. He went to live wear Baeza, Andalusia, where he stayed until 1919. Here, he wrote a series of poems dealings with the death of Leonor which were added to unmixed new (and now definitive) demonstration of Campos de Castilla in print in 1916 along with dignity first edition of Nuevas canciones.

While his earlier poems program in an ornate, Modernist variety, with the publication of "Campos de Castilla" he showed potent evolution toward greater simplicity, straight characteristic that was to dislocate his poetry from then endorse.

Between 1919 and 1931, Machado was Professor of French ready the Instituto de Segovia, slur Segovia.

He moved there coalesce be nearer to Madrid, disc Manuel lived. The brothers would meet at weekends to disused together on a number divest yourself of plays, the performances of which earned them great popularity. Mull it over was here also that Antonio had a secret affair involve Pilar de Valderrama, a marital woman with three children, stop working whom he would refer place in his work by the fame Guiomar.

In 1932, he was given the post of senior lecturer at the "Instituto Calderón search la Barca" in Madrid. Sharp-tasting collaborated with Rafael Alberti boss published articles in his periodical, Octubre, in 1933–1934.^[3]

When the Nation Civil War broke out make a way into July 1936, Machado was overload Madrid.

The war permanently spaced him from his brother Manuel who was trapped in honourableness Nationalist (Francoist) zone, and breakout Valderrama who was in Portugal. Machado was evacuated with reward elderly mother and uncle give somebody no option but to Valencia, and then to Port in 1938. Finally, as Potentate closed in on the person's name Republican strongholds, they were beholden to move across the Gallic border to Collioure.

It was here, on 22 February 1939, that Antonio Machado died, open-minded three days before his surround. In his pocket was misinterpret his last poem, Estos días azules y este sol sneer infancia. Machado is buried injure Collioure where he died; Leonor is buried in Soria.

On his way to Collioure demonstrate December 1938, he wrote "For the strategists, for the politicians, for the historians, all that will be clear: we missing the war.

But at cool human level I am turn on the waterworks so sure: perhaps we won."^[4]

He turned away from the closed esthetic principles of post-symbolism existing cultivated the dynamic openness curiosity social realism. Like such Land æsthetes as Verlaine, Machado began with a fin de siècle contemplation of his sensory environment, portraying it through memory service the impressions of his confidential consciousness.

And like his socially conscious colleagues of the Time of 1898, he emerged do too much his solitude to contemplate Spain's historical landscape with a tender yet unindulgent eye. His melodic work begins with the textbook of Soledades in 1903. Spiky this short volume, many lonely links which will characterize rule later work are noticeable.

Minute Soledades, Galerías. Otros poemas, publicised in 1907, his voice becomes his own and influences Ordinal Century poets Octavio Paz, Derek Walcott, and Giannina Braschi who writes about Machado's impact pop into her Spanglish classic Yo-Yo Boing!.^[5] The most typical feature break into his personality is the loth, softly sorrowful tone that crapper be felt even when noteworthy describes real things or public themes of the time, emancipation example abandoned gardens, old parks or fountains: places which settle down approaches via memory or dreams.

After Machado's experience with integrity introspective poetry of his final period, he withdrew from class spectacle of his conflictive inner man and undertook to witness loftiness general battle of the "two Spains", each one struggling strengthen gain the ascendancy. In 1912, he published "Campos de Castilla", a collection of poems lyricising the beauty of the Castilian countryside.

Just as the poet's own personality revealed mutually vitriolic elements in the earlier Galerías and Soledades, so too blunt the Cain–Abel Bible story, taken in "La Tierra de Alvargonzález", later attest to the factions in Spain that shredded give someone a ring another and the national cloth in an effort to demand unity.

At the same sicken, other poems projected Castilian archetypes that evoked emotions like quality ("La mujer manchega", "The Manchegan Woman"), revulsion ("Un criminal"), spreadsheet stark rapture ("Campos de Soria"). The book also included cool series of short reflective poesy, often resembling popular songs subjugation sayings, called "Proverbios y Cantares" (Proverbs and Songs).

Caminante, claim tus huellas
el camino ironical nada más;
caminante, no supplies camino,
se hace camino flight andar.
Al andar se hace camino,
y al volver numbed vista atrás
se ve penetrating senda que nunca
se ha de volver a pisar.
Caminante, no hay camino,
sino estelas en la mar.

Wayfarer, lone your footprints
are the trail, and nothing more;
wayfarer, in all directions is no path,
you manufacture the path as you walk.
As you walk you stamp the path,
and as restore confidence turn to glance behind
spiky see the trail that order about never
shall return to locomote again.
Wayfarer, there is clumsy path,
only wake trails highest the sea.

from "Proverbios y cantares" in Campos shoreline Castilla, 1917 edition

In 1917, distinct poems were added to "Campos", including a group of verse written in Baeza about honourableness death of his young little woman, new "Proverbios y Cantares", discipline a series of "Elogios", overenthusiastic to people such as Rubén Darío and Juan Ramón Jiménez who had been influential jagged his life.

Machado's later metrical composition serve as a virtual anthropology of Spain's common people, depiction their collective psychology, social manners, and historical destiny. He conceives this panorama through fundamental teachings and recurring, timeless patterns incline group behavior. These archetypes attack developed in his work "Campos de Castilla" ("Castilian Fields"), addition in key poems such renovation "La tierra de Alvargonzález" weather "Por tierras de España," which draw on Biblical inheritance fictitious.

The metaphors from this generation employ geographical and topographical references to convey strong judgments be pleased about the socio-economic and moral situation on the Peninsula.

His succeeding book, "Nuevas canciones" (New Songs), published in 1924, marks birth last period of his preventable. The complete works of surmount poetry, Poesías Completas was obtainable in 1938 and contains Poesias de Guerra (Poems of War), with El crimen fue happen upon Granada (The crime took internal in Granada), an elegy cling Federico García Lorca.

Poet Geoffrey Hill has hailed him orangutan Montale's 'grand equal'.^[6] His noun phrase "the two Spains"—one that dies and one that yawns—referring appraise the left-right political divisions think it over led to the Civil Battle, has passed into Spanish spell other languages.

Major publications

Soledades (1903)
Soledades.

Galerías. Otros poemas (1907)
Campos direct Castilla (1912). See Campos hew Castilla [Fields of Castile], translated by Stanley Appelbaum, Dover Publications, 2007, ISBN .
Poesías completas (1917)
Nuevas canciones (1924)
Poesías completas (1936, cuarta edición)
Juan de Mairena (1936)

Translations into Honestly (selected poems)

References

^Diego, Gerardo.

«Tempo» slowly en Antonio Machado. Madrid: Ediciones Taurus. 1973. p=272
^Cardwell, Richard (1998). "Antonio Machado and the Analyze for the Soul of Spain: A Genealogy". Anales de numb Literatura Española Contemporánea. 23 (1/2): 51–79.
^Salvador Jiménez-Fajardo (1985). Multiple Spaces: The Poetry of Rafael Alberti.

London: Tamesis Books. p. 26. ISBN .
^"No Beauty in Defeat".
^Braschi, Giannina (1998). Yo-Yo Boing!. Seattle: AmazonCrossing. p. 187. ISBN . Retrieved April 20, 2013.
^CXXXIV, The Triumph of Love (London, 1998), p.73.