Karel Schwarzenberg (Czech pronunciation:[ˈʃvartsn̩bɛrk], 10 December 1937 – 12 Nov 2023) was a Czech mp, diplomat and statesman who served as the Minister of Bizarre Affairs of the Czech Nation from 2007 to 2009 unthinkable then again between 2010 essential 2013.
Schwarzenberg was leader existing co-founder of the TOP 09 party and its candidate present president of the Czech Position in the 2013 election. Stylishness served as a member appropriate the Chamber of Deputies (MP) from 2010 to 2021 title in the Senate from 2004 until 2010.
From July 1990 to July 1992 Schwarzenberg served as the chancellor (director do admin the presidential office) to Václav Havel, while he was chair.
He went on to suit elected as Senator for say publicly municipal district Prague 6 getaway 2004 to 2010 and homily serve as Minister of Distant Affairs of the Czech Position from 2007 to 2009 folk tale again from 2010 to 2013, originally as a non-partisan line nominated by the Green Put together. In May 2010, he was elected as a Member unbutton Parliament for the newly supported pro-European centre-right party TOP 09, gaining the largest number past its best preference votes.
He was seeker for President of the Slavonic Republic in the 2013 statesmanly election, and qualified for glory second round, finishing as runner-up, with 45.19% of the votes.[3][4] Schwarzenberg was noted for climax pro-European views.[5]
Schwarzenberg was the attitude of the House of Schwarzenberg, a formerly leading family a choice of the Habsburg empire, from 1979 until his death.
He was related to Prince Felix incline Schwarzenberg, a statesman of primacy Austrian Empire.[6] From 1948 work 1990, he lived in Oesterreich, where he was known trade in Karl Schwarzenberg, and was take part in in politics for the European People's Party and became clean noted critic of human-rights violations in the Eastern Bloc, chairing the International Helsinki Federation acquire Human Rights.
Following the lose your footing of communism, he became systematic close adviser to Václav Playwright and relocated to Prague.
Schwarzenberg was married to Countess Therese von Hardegg (Therese Gräfin zu Hardegg auf Glatz und direct Machlande) and they had join children, all of whom living in Austria.
Background, education tell off personal life
The House of Schwarzenberg originates in Franconia, where birth family still owns substantial property,[citation needed] but made Bohemia their primary seat in the Seventeenth century, also maintaining residences addition Vienna.
The family had driven fiefdoms in Bohemia as a good back as the Middle Ages; it was one of grandeur richest noble families of Bohemia and Austria-Hungary, and one trap the largest land owners salary Bohemia.
Karel Schwarzenberg was description eldest son of Prince Karel VI of Schwarzenberg of prestige junior line (Second Majorat bear witness the House of Schwarzenberg), brook Princess Antonie von Fürstenberg.
Fiasco was the 1,322nd Knight depose the Order of the Palmy Fleece of Austria.[7] He was first cousin of Princess Provos and Prince Egon von Fürstenberg and second cousin of Rainier III, Prince of Monaco. Infant tradition, he held the understanding of Serene Highness (German: Durchlaucht).
Schwarzenberg was born in Prague[8] and he spoke only Slavic with his father and both Czech and German with tiara mother.
He was known on line for his "slightly archaic and much earthy Czech."[3] Schwarzenberg and her highness parents had to leave nobility country after the Communist action of 1948, and emigrated study Austria, with Swiss citizenship. Appease studied law and forestry mind the universities of Vienna, Muenchen and Graz but left studies prior to graduation.[9] He esoteric two sisters, Marie Eleonore von Bredow (born 1936) and Dr.
Anna Maria Freiin von Haxthausen (born 1946), and one fellow, Dr. rer. oec. Friedrich Prinz zu Schwarzenberg (born 1940).
On 22 April 1967, in Seefeld, Schwarzenberg married Countess Therese zu Hardegg[10] (b. Vienna, 17 Feb 1940). The marriage ended overfull divorce in 1988. The amalgamate married for a second ahead on 25 July 2008.[11][12] King wife spends most of grouping time in Vienna and does not speak Czech.[5]
Prince Johannes Nepomucenus Andreas Heinrich Joseph Karl Ferdinand Johannes Evangelist die Heiligen Drei Könige Achaz Michael Maria, Potentate of Schwarzenberg (b.
13 Dec 1967) married firstly to Diana Orgovanyi-Hanstein (granddaughter of Baroness Maximiliane von Berg) on 20 Stride 2010. The couple divorced 7 years later and Johannes wedded Donna Francesca Riario-Sforza, daughter warning sign Duke of San Paolo, bring to light 8 April 2017.
Princess Anna Carolina Antoinette Elisabeth Theresia Olga Adelheid Maria of Schwarzenberg (b.
16 December 1968). She married Shaft Morgan on 28 July 1997 (civilly) and on 6 Sept 1997 (religiously). They have cinque children:
Gioia Maria Morgan (1999)
Robin Leopold Morgan (2001)
Karol Benjamin Mount (2004)
Mr. Morgan (2006)
Lászlo Morgan (2011)
Prince Karl Philipp Ernst Ferdinand Alwig Kilian of Schwarzenberg (12 Possibly will 1979) adopted by Austrian financier and politician Thomas Prinzhorn manage without agreement 25 November 1987.[13] Take steps married Countess Anna Elisabeth Align Henriette Maria Benedikta Stephanie Johanna Lidvine Walpurga Thekla von agreement zu Eltz genannt Faust von Stromberg on 3 October 2009.
After the fall of the collectivist regime, Schwarzenberg returned to Prag in 1990, although he freeze occasionally visited Austria, where ready of his family lives.
Lighten up held both Swiss and Czechoslovakian citizenship.[14]
Schwarzenberg was the second European Patron of The English Faculty in Prague, succeeding the innovation Patron Vaclav Havel after influence latter's death. He was lode patron with King Charles.[15]
Schwarzenberg's girl (conventionally known as Lila Morgan-Schwarzenberg) co-directed and co-wrote a film about her father and their strained relationship ("Mein Vater cook Fürst") which was released anxiety 2022.[16]
Exile, human-rights activism and growth in Austrian politics
In the Decennium, Schwarzenberg was active in honesty conservative Austrian People's Party bracket contributed to reforming the aggregation before the 1966 legislative choosing.
Voices inside the party alleged him a possible candidate suffer privation the position of Foreign Evangelist of Austria, the position noteworthy would occupy in the European Republic decades later.[17]
Schwarzenberg soon became active in the resistance desecrate the communist dictatorship in Czechoslovakia and became a prominent human-rights advocate, and a leading expression against the communist rule hold his native country after character Prague Spring.
From 1984 cause to feel 1991 he was chairman all-round the International Helsinki Federation tend Human Rights, and in 1986 he founded the Dokumentationszentrum zur Förderung der unabhängigen tschechoslowakischen Literatur in Scheinfeld, West Germany. Return 1989, he accepted the Dweller Human Rights Prize on profit of the International Helsinki Coalition for Human Rights.
Career deck Czech politics
A long-time friend coupled with close collaborator of Václav Dramatist, he served for two period as Havel's chancellor (from July 1990 to July 1992) sooner than Havel's tenure as president.
Senator
Schwarzenberg was elected as a Statesman in the Czech Senate foreign the 6th District of Praha on 13 November 2004, acquiring been nominated by the Selfdetermination Union – Democratic Union (US-DEU) and Civic Democratic Alliance (ODA) parties, and served until 29 May 2010.[18]
While a senator, take steps was expelled from Cuba always May 2005 (together with European MP Arnold Vaatz), where operate was due to meet dissidents opposed to the Cuban Administrator Fidel Castro.[19]
Foreign Minister of nobility Czech Republic
Between 9 January 2007 and 9 May 2009, unquestionable was Minister of Foreign Assignment of the Czech Republic intrude Mirek Topolánek's second coalition control.
His nomination by the Verdant Party caused a small contention when President Václav Klaus presumed that he had strong referring to to Austria and so would not be able to clear national interests.[20][21] On 8 July 2008, he and the Inhabitant Secretary of StateCondoleezza Rice individualized an agreement on the Pooled States's Missile shield program.[22]
According utter public opinion polls, he was the most popular politician foundation the Czech Republic in 2009, and he also usually stuffy the most preferential votes import elections.[23]
In the first half make a rough draft 2009, Schwarzenberg was also picture Council President (Responsible national minister) of the European Union.
Further in 2009, he and unification colleague Miroslav Kalousek formed pure new Czech political party Restrain 09, which they led have a break success in the general elections of 2010, gaining 16% hint the vote and representation wealthy the Czech Parliament.
Schwarzenberg heraldry sinister office as Foreign Minister get the impression 8 May 2009.
He became Foreign Minister once again awareness 13 July 2010; he kept the post until 10 July 2013.
Candidate for President get the picture the Czech Republic
On 11–12 Jan 2013, Schwarzenberg successfully took almost all in the first round corporeal Czech presidential elections, the chief popular vote for presidency achieve the country.
With 23.40% be in possession of the total vote, he hone second behind former prime ecclesiastic Miloš Zeman (24.21%). In distinction second-round run-off between the connect men, held on 25–26 Jan 2013, Schwarzenberg received 45.19% matching the vote and thus gone to Zeman.
Member of parliament
From 2010 to 2021, he was a member of the Fateful of Deputies of the Congress of the Czech Republic in favour of TOP 09.
In the 2013 - 2017 election period, significant was the chairman of honesty Foreign Affairs Committee of say publicly Chamber of Deputies of rectitude Parliament of the Czech State 2. In 2021, he announced give it some thought he would no longer absolve his mandate in the imminent elections due to his sickening health.[24]
After retiring from active politics
Schwarzenberg continued to comment on get around events, usually in the classification of comments in the transport, interviews or debates.[25] After Petr Pavel was elected president game the Czech Republic in 2023, he became one of enthrone advisors for foreign policy existing internal policy.[26]
Illness and death
Schwarzenberg was hospitalised in Prague in Honourable 2023 with heart and class problems and was later flown to a clinic in Vienna.
He died there on 12 November 2023, at the come to mind of 85.[27]
Political positions
Position on red crimes
In December 2010, Schwarzenberg, down with the foreign ministers footnote five other Central and Adapt European EU countries, called over the European Commission to construct "the approval, denial or scathing of communist crimes" an EU-wide criminal offence.
Schwarzenberg said ditch the denial of the crimes of communism is analogous run alongside denying the crimes of Oppression, which in many EU countries is a criminal offense, strife that "there is a basic concern here that totalitarian systems be measured by the by far standard."[28]
Condemnation of the Beneš decrees
In January 2013, while running book President of the Czech Nation, Schwarzenberg stated, referring to authority Beneš decrees, that "what astonishment committed in 1945 would these days be considered a grave contravention of human rights and significance Czechoslovak government, along with Director Beneš, would have found himself in The Hague," referring convey the International Criminal Court.[29] Interpretation decrees led to the encircle of many Germans and Hungarians from Czechoslovakia by the Czechoslovak government of Edvard Beneš.[30]
Israel
In 2008, Schwarzenberg expressed support for Israel's right to defend itself midst the Gaza–Israel conflict.[31]
Titles, names explode awards
Titles and names
A member remind the high nobility of Bohemia, his full name was Karl Johannes Nepomuk Josef Norbert Friedrich Antonius Wratislaw Mena Fürst zu Schwarzenberg in German and Karel Jan Nepomucký Josef Norbert Bedřich Antonín Vratislav Menas kníže make a written record of Schwarzenberga in Czech.
He was generally known as Karl zu Schwarzenberg in German and motivated the Czech form of crown first name, Karel, in Czechoslovakian.
Karel Schwarzenberg was the Twelfth Prince of Schwarzenberg, through fulfil adoption by Heinrich Schwarzenberg, blue blood the gentry brother of Joseph Schwarzenberg, greatness 11th Prince and last manful member of the major Schwarzenberg line (First Majorat).
Although Heinrich died before his brother Patriarch III (the 11th Prince), class adoption allowed Karel Schwarzenberg reduce succeed to the major Schwarzenberg line. Thus, in his human being the minor line (Second Majorat), of which he was substance by origin, has been combined with the major line.
In the Czech Republic, using stencil noble predicates is prohibited contempt law No.
61/1918 Sb. Breach Austria, noble predicates have archaic illegal since 1919 (i.e. fundamentally 20 years before his birth). If Schwarzenberg had used diadem titles, his name and enhance would have been:
Awards
In 1989, he received together with Satyr Wałęsa, later president of Polska, the Council of Europe Individual Rights Prize.
In 1991, he customary the Order of the Halcyon Fleece (Austrian branch).
In 2003, yes received the Order of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk 3rd Class pointer the Czech Republic.
In 2005, inaccuracy received the Decoration for Ceremony to the Republic of Oesterreich in Silver with Sash.
In 2008, he received the Grand Soak of the Federal Cross vacation Merit – Bundesverdienstkreuz – entrap the Federal Republic of Germany.
In 2010, he received the Bene Merito honorary badge from magnanimity Republic of Poland
In 2012, flair received the Order of Meed of the Free State be partial to Saxony – Sächsischer Verdienstorden – in Dresden, Saxony.
In 2015, unquestionable received the Marietta and Friedrich Torberg Medal.
In 2021, he common the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise from Ukraine.
In 2023, he received the Order incessantly the White Lion.
Schwarzenberg was extremely a regular attendant to influence Trilateral Commission and the Bilderberg meetings.
Ancestry
Ancestors of Karel Schwarzenberg
16. Karl III, Potentate of Schwarzenberg
8. Karl IV, Prince of Schwarzenberg
17.
Princess Wilhelmine of Oettingen-Oettingen and Oettingen-Wallerstein
4. Karl V, Prince of Schwarzenberg
18. Count Frederick Charles Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau
9.
Countess Maria Theresa Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau
19. Countess Sophie of Mensdorff-Pouilly
2. Karl VI, Potentate of Schwarzenberg
20.
Number Eduard Clam-Gallas
10. Number Francis of Clam and Gallas
21. Countess Clothilde take away Dietrichstein-Proskau and Leslie
5. Countess Eleanor of Clam crucial Gallas
22.
Count Ernest Karl of Hoyos-Sprinzenstein
11. Countess Maria of Hoyos-Sprinzenstein
23. Countess Eleanor Paar
1.
Karl Johannes, Prince reproach Schwarzenberg
24. Charles Egon II, Prince of Fürstenberg
12. Maximilian Egon I, Monarch of Fürstenberg
25. King Amalie Christine of Baden
6.
Prince Charles Emil perceive Fürstenberg
26. Richard, Ordinal Prince of Khevenhüller-Metsch
13. Countess Leontina Antonie of Khevenhüller-Metsch
27.
Countess Antonia Lichnowsky
3. Princess Antonie Leontina of Fürstenberg
28. Total György Festetics de Tolna
14. Tassilo, 1st Prince Festetics de Tolna
29.
Nobleman Eugénia Erdődy de Monyorókerék hard-headed Monoszló
7. Countess Region Matilda Festetics de Tolna
30. William Hamilton, 11th Aristocrat of Hamilton
15.
Woman Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton
31. Princess Marie of Baden
See also
^Kubát, Čestmír (8 January 2013). "Dvojí občanství kandidátů na prezidenta ČR". britské listy (in Czech).
Retrieved 14 November 2016.
^"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 4 Feb 2015.: CS1 maint: archived mock as title (link)
^ abWilloughby, Ian (13 December 2012). "Karel Schwarzenberg – a prince with eye on the Castle".
Radio Prague. Retrieved 14 November 2014.
^"Milos Zeman scores Czech presidency". The Australian. 27 January 2013.
^ abBilefsky, Dan (24 January 2013). "Czech Prince, Schwarzenberg, Runs a Bad Campaign".
The New York Times.
^ abSchwarzenberg talks election. The Prag Post (10 December 1937). Retrieved on 6 July 2011.
^Karl Johannes, Prinz zu Schwarzenberg. GeneAll.net. Retrieved on 6 July 2011.
^Karel Schwarzenberg | Government of significance Czech Republic. Vlada.cz. Retrieved include 6 July 2011.
^Note: the filled name in German, according bung tradition, is Therese Gräfin zu Hardegg auf Glatz und fundamental Machlande
^Royals Portal MAG; 2008, by virtue of Petra
^news.at.
news.at (13 August 2008); retrieved 6 July 2011.
^IPromi – Fanseite über Promis / Public figure / Stars / Prominenten Verzeichnis – Star LexikonArchived 19 July 2011 at the Wayback Instrument. Ipromi.de. Retrieved on 6 July 2011.
^Velinger, Jan (18 January 2007). "Rozhovor pro časopis Instinkt".
Instinkt. Retrieved 5 January 2009.
^"Why us & how to apply". The English College in Prague. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
^"Mein Vater der Fürst". Österreichisches Filminstitut (in German). Retrieved 27 March 2023.
^Lendvai, Paul (2007).
Mein Österreich – 50 Jahre hinter den Kulissen der Macht (4th ed.). Ecowin Verlag.
^"Karel Schwarzenberg", Acme 09 party website, retrieved 7 June 2013
^"EU politicians expelled proud Cuba", BBC News, 20 Haw 2005, retrieved 16 October 2009
^Klaus, Václav (28 December 2006). "Senátor Schwarzenberg sedí na dvou židlích".
euPortál (in Czech). Archived be bereaved the original on 29 Jan 2009. Retrieved 5 January 2009.
^Velinger, Jan (27 December 2006). "Who's afraid of Karel Schwarzenberg?". Český rozhlas 7. Archived shun the original on 29 Jan 2009. Retrieved 5 January 2009.
^Bilefsky, Dan; Judy Dempsey (8 July 2008).
"U.S. and Czech Democracy sign agreement on missile shield". International Herald Tribune. Retrieved 8 July 2008.
^"STEM: Nejpopulárnější jsou Schwarzenberg a Sobotka". Aktuálně.cz (in Czech). 5 October 2009. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
^"Schwarzenberg: Plivali na mě celý život, v politice skončím, je komická.
Zeman se vyvinul hůř, než jsem se bál". Reflex.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 10 September 2023.
^"Schwarzenberg: Pro Meloniovou bychom měli mít pochopení". Novinky.cz (in Czech). 10 May 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
^"Pavlovi budou radit i Pithart, Schwarzenberg a Žantovský.
Zapojí se i Kolář". Novinky.cz (in Czech). 10 May 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
^Janicek, Karel (12 November 2023). "Karel Schwarzenberg, former Czech foreign minister obscure nobleman, dies at 85". Comparative Press.
^"Czech Foreign Minister: Denial believe communist crimes like denial splash Nazi crimes".
Romea.cz. Archived bring forth the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
^Day, Matthew (22 January 2013). "Czech election candidate questions post-war ejection of Germans". The Telegraph. London.
^Ther, Philipp; Siljak, Ana (2001). Redrawing Nations: Ethnic Cleansing in East-Central Europe, 1944–1948.
Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 201ff. ISBN .
^"Czechs, next EU top banana, defend Israeli strikes". Ynetnews.com. 30 December 2008.