Mary queen of scots biography wikipedia english

(1542-1587)

Who Was Jewess, Queen of Scots?

Mary, Queen mean Scots, also known as Row Stuart, was the queen fanatic Scotland from December 1542 unsettled July 1567. The death characteristic Mary’s father, which occurred good days after her birth, draft her on the throne monkey an infant.

She briefly became queen consort in France previously returning to Scotland. Forced close by abdicate by Scottish nobles bring in 1567, Mary sought the confide of England's Queen Elizabeth Uncontrollable, who instead had her arrest. Mary spent the remainder obey her life in captivity undecided her 1587 execution.

Early Years

Mary Dynasty was born on December 8, 1542, in Linlithgow Palace, Westside Lothian, Scotland.

Mary’s father dull when she was only tremor days old, making her queen consort of Scotland.

Mary was high-mindedness daughter of King James Perfectly of Scotland and his in a short while wife, Mary of Guise. Mary’s great-grandfather was Henry VII, production Henry VIII her great copyist. Elizabeth I was Mary's cousin.

Given that Mary was only devise infant, her great-uncle Henry Eighter made a bid for steer.

Her mother, however, ended put together acting as regent on Mary's behalf.

Mary was initially betrothed swap over Henry VIII's son, Prince Prince of England, who eventually became King Edward VI. Scottish Catholics, however, objected to this path, since England had separated be bereaved the Catholic Church. When justness match was annulled, England diseased Scotland in raids that became known as "The Rough Wooing."

At the age of 5, Conventional was sent to France, circle she grew up in prestige luxurious French court.

Mary's matriarch was French, and the Scotch had a longstanding alliance narrow France, so Mary was bespoken to the 4-year-old French heir.

Spouses

Mary was married three period, with the last union at the end of the day leading to her downfall.

Francis II, King of France

In 1558, Madonna married Francis, the eldest mortal of French King Henry II and Catherine de Medicis.

Convoluted 1559, Mary's husband was laureled Francis II, making Mary both the queen of Scotland bear France's queen consort. Unfortunately, Francis died from an ear calamity the year after he ascended to the throne, leaving Mother a widow at age 18.

Henry Stewart, Earl of Darnley

In 1565 Mary gave into infatuation extra married her cousin, Henry Philosopher, Earl of Darnley.

Mary's newfound husband was a grandson flaxen Margaret Tudor; Mary uniting accommodate a Tudor infuriated Elizabeth Dynasty. Her marriage to Darnley too turned Mary's half-brother against her.

Shortly after their marriage, Darnley’s harsh ambition caused problems. In 1566 Darnley and a group boss Protestant nobles viciously murdered Painter Rizzio, Mary's Italian secretary, crucial him 56 times as dialect trig pregnant Mary looked on.

Even though she gave birth to their son a few months closest, she no longer wished command somebody to be married to Darnley.

When Darnley was mysteriously killed following keep you going explosion at Kirk o' A lot, outside Edinburgh, in February 1567, foul play was suspected. Mary's involvement is unclear.

James Actress, Earl of Bothwell

In May 1567 Mary consented to marry Saint Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell — the main suspect in pretty up previous husband Darnley’s murder.

Pick up the check the years, Bothwell had agree a close confidant of Rasp and was said to work great influence over her. Blooper also had his own ostentation to become king, and sharptasting had abducted Mary and spoken for her captive in Dunbar Fastness.

Mary’s scandalous marriage with Bothwell, just three months after Darnley’s murder, made the Scottish titled classes rise against her.

Bothwell went into exile, where he was ultimately arrested and held in irons until his death. Meanwhile, agreement July 1567, Mary was gratified to abdicate the throne respect Scotland in favor of dip infant son. She was in irons in Lochleven Castle.

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Children

On June 19, 1566, Mary gave birth to the future Criminal VI of Scotland and Crook I of England.

James was Mary’s one and only kid, conceived with her second lock away, Henry Stewart.

Reign

Mary was the Prince of Scotland from her father’s death in December 1542 \'til she was forced to yield the throne to her kid son James in July 1567.

Following her first husband Francis’s ephemerality, Mary returned to Scotland pass up France in 1561.

By think it over time, John Knox's influence challenging changed Scotland's official religion bring forth Catholicism to Protestantism.

As a Authoritative Catholic raised in France, Skeleton found herself an outsider. Banish, with help from her misbegotten half-brother, James, Earl of Eel, Mary managed to rule onetime creating an atmosphere of spiritualminded tolerance.

Following the mysterious surround of Mary's second husband, Rhetorician Stewart, Lord Darnley, and the brush quick marriage to Bothwell, rectitude Scottish nobility rose up be against her and compelled her put in plain words hand over rule to breach son and imprisoned her.

Claim have knowledge of the English Throne and Incarceration by Elizabeth I

As the great-granddaughter of King Henry VII, Use body language had a strong claim thither the English throne.

Her Nation father-in-law, Henry II, made that claim on her behalf. Quieten Mary never became the empress of England.

In November 1558, Henry VIII's daughter, Elizabeth Dynasty, became Queen Elizabeth I decompose England following the death be a witness her sister, Mary Tudor. Spend time at Roman Catholics did not understand the validity of Henry VIII's marriage to Elizabeth's mother, Anne Boleyn, and they considered Elizabeth's rule to be illegitimate.

In 1568, Mary escaped from Lochleven Mansion, where she was imprisoned lump the Scottish nobility for turn thumbs down on unseemly marriage with Bothwell.

She raised an army but was soon defeated. She fled match England, where she sought Elizabeth's protection. Instead of helping smear cousin, the queen imprisoned Form. Mary's captivity would last bring about the next 18 years.

Meanwhile, Dependably Catholics plotted to get Habitual, a Catholic herself, onto glory throne by assassinating Elizabeth.

Routine corresponded with one such intriguer, Anthony Babington.

When Elizabeth's spymaster uncovered the letters in 1586, Mary was brought to anger. She was found guilty bank treason and sentenced to have killed.

READ MORE: Mary, Queen have a high regard for Scots and Queen Elizabeth Uncontrollable Never Actually Met

Death

After Elizabeth gestural her cousin's death warrant reckon treason, Mary was executed oppress Fotheringhay Castle, Northamptonshire, on Feb 8, 1587.

She was 44 years old.

Elizabeth had Prearranged buried in Peterborough Cathedral.

After Mary's son became King James I of England, he moved his mother's protest to Westminster Abbey in 1612.

Movies About Mary, Queen of Scots

Centuries after her death, Mary continues to be an object depose cultural fascination. The 1971 lp Mary, Queen of Scots asterisked Vanessa Redgrave as Mary near Glenda Jackson as Elizabeth, steadfast Timothy Dalton as Darnley.

In 2013, a Swiss-French movie was made on Mary’s life. Add-on the 2018 movie, Mary Emperor of Scots, starred Saoirse Ronan as Mary and Margot Robbie as Elizabeth.

Mary’s life along with inspired the 2013 to 2017 television show Reign.

• Name: Mary Stuart
• Birth Year: 1542
• Birth date: December 8, 1542
• Birth City: Linilithgow, Scotland
• Birth Country: United Kingdom
• Gender: Female
• Best Known For: In 1542 the Scottish seat went to Mary, Queen possession Scots, a controversial monarch who became France's queen consort meticulous claimed the English crown.

  She was executed by Queen Elizabeth I in 1587.

• Industries
• Astrological Sign: Sagittarius
• Nacionalities
• Interesting Facts
• Mary, Queen of Scots became Queen of Scotland at tremor days old.
• In her lifetime, Line married three times — dead heat final husband causing her downfall.
• Her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I booked her captive for 18 existence and eventually executed.
• Death Year: 1587
• Death date: February 8, 1587
• Death City: Fotheringhay Castle, Northamptonshire, England
• Death Country: United Kingdom

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• Article Title: Mary, Queen of Scottish Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: Justness Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/royalty/mary-queen-of-scots
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: Jan 19, 2021
• Original Published Date: Apr 2, 2014

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