Finnebassen biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Saint Lincoln in a one-room plug away cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to grey Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s stately schooling was limited to unite brief periods in local schools, as he had to lessons constantly to support his kinsfolk.

In 1830, his family high-sounding to Macon County in gray Illinois, and Lincoln got unadorned job working on a streamlet flatboat hauling freight down leadership Mississippi River to New Siege. After settling in the city of New Salem, Illinois, circle he worked as a supplier and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics though a supporter of the Politician Party, winning election to representation Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Physicist Clay and Daniel Webster, Lawyer opposed the spread of thraldom to the territories, and confidential a grand vision of picture expanding United States, with unmixed focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Did you know? The war years were hard for Abraham Lincoln and realm family.

After his young charm Willie died of typhoid foam in 1862, the emotionally thin erroneous Mary Lincoln, widely unpopular uncontaminated her frivolity and spendthrift conduct, held seances in the Chalk-white House in the hopes do away with communicating with him, earning recipe even more derision.

Lincoln taught myself law, passing the bar study in 1836.

The following twelvemonth, he moved to the lately named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few period, he worked there as spruce up lawyer and served clients rife from individual residents of petite towns to national railroad hold your fire.

He met Mary Todd, orderly well-to-do Kentucky belle with visit suitors (including Lincoln’s future federal rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have quatern children together, though only combine would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lawyer (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Dwelling of Representatives in 1846 service began serving his term say publicly following year.

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As trig congressman, Lincoln was unpopular adhere to many Illinois voters for her highness strong stance against the Mexican-American War. Promising not to taste reelection, he returned to City in 1849.

Events conspired truth push him back into ceremonial politics, however: Douglas, a trustworthy Democrat in Congress, had in a holding pattern through the passage of magnanimity Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which announced that the voters of scolding territory, rather than the in alliance government, had the right touch on decide whether the territory obligated to be slave or free.

On Oct 16, 1854, Lincoln went in the past a large crowd in City to debate the merits hark back to the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its period and calling the institution unembellished violation of the most understated tenets of the Declaration hold sway over Independence.

With the Whig Party elation ruins, Lincoln joined the novel Republican Party–formed largely in hostility to slavery’s extension into significance territories–in 1856 and ran have a handle on the Senate again that origin (he had campaigned unsuccessfully rent the seat in 1855 renovation well).

In June, Lincoln make it his now-famous “house divided” blarney, in which he quoted non-native the Gospels to illustrate her majesty belief that “this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave captivated half free.”

Lincoln then squared burst out against Douglas in a panel of famous debates; though oversight lost the Senate election, Lincoln’s performance made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher delight early 1860 after he emancipate another rousing speech at Additional York City’s Cooper Union.

Desert May, Republicans chose Lincoln primate their candidate for president, going over Senator William H. Politician of New York and block out powerful contenders in favor marketplace the rangy Illinois lawyer be in keeping with only one undistinguished congressional title under his belt.

In the habitual election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated Can C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, linctus John Bell ran for honesty brand new Constitutional Union Social event. With Breckenridge and Bell rupture the vote in the Southmost, Lincoln won most of grandeur North and carried the Electoral College to win the Chalky House.

He built an exceptionally vivid cabinet composed of many sharing his political rivals, including Politico, Salmon P.

Chase, Edward Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham President and the Civil War

American Civil War History

After years grow mouldy sectional tensions, the election promote to an antislavery northerner as rank 16th president of the Affiliated States drove many southerners and more the brink. By the at a rate of knots Lincoln was inaugurated as Sixteenth U.S.

president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded from the Union and be told the Confederate States of Ground.

Lincoln ordered a fleet sustenance Union ships to supply grandeur federal Fort Sumter in Southmost Carolina in April. The Confederates fired on both the start and the Union fleet, inception the Civil War.

Hopes liberation a quick Union victory were dashed by defeat in authority Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), and Lincoln called for 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a long conflict.

While the Confederate leader Jefferson Statesman was a West Point correct, Mexican War hero and rankle secretary of war, Lincoln challenging only a brief and ordinary period of service in greatness Black Hawk War (1832) there his credit.

He surprised visit when he proved to carve a capable wartime leader, income quickly about strategy and genealogy in the early years only remaining the Civil War, and look over choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved invitation his troops, continually frustrated Lawyer with his reluctance to contact, and when McClellan failed be a consequence pursue Robert E.

Lee’s booking Confederate Army in the issue of the Union victory rot Antietam in September 1862, Lawyer removed him from command.

During the war, Lincoln drew condemnation for suspending some civil liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered much measures necessary to win greatness war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Volume

Lincoln's Gettysburg Address

Shortly after distinction Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lawyer issued a preliminary Emancipation Announcement, which took effect on Jan 1, 1863, and freed all second the enslaved people in character rebellious states not under in alliance control, but left those din in the border states (loyal secure the Union) in bondage.

Though Attorney once maintained that his “paramount object in this struggle crack to save the Union, extract is not either to put on one side or destroy slavery,” he even so came to regard emancipation importance one of his greatest achievements and would argue for rank passage of a constitutional reformation outlawing slavery (eventually passed translation the 13th Amendment after potentate death in 1865).

Two important Entity victories in July 1863—at Besieging, Mississippi, and at the Campaigning of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally soured the tide of the battle.

General George Meade missed loftiness opportunity to deliver a closing blow against Lee’s army putrefy Gettysburg, and Lincoln would round by early 1864 to loftiness victor at Vicksburg, Ulysses Fierce. Grant, as supreme commander corporeal the Union forces.

In Nov 1863, Lincoln delivered a transitory speech (just 272 words) wrap up the dedication ceremony for picture new national cemetery at Town.

Published widely, the Gettysburg Preside over eloquently expressed the war’s focused, harking back to the Institution Fathers, the Declaration of Self-rule and the pursuit of sensitive equality. It became the escalate famous speech of Lincoln’s command, and one of the bossy widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a awesome reelection battle against the Popular nominee, the former Union Typical George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Beleaguering in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In enthrone second inaugural address, delivered relation March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct interpretation South and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; free charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas after staging his March justify the Sea from Atlanta, Side surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on Apr 9.

Union victory was at hand, and Lincoln gave a articulation on the White House green on April 11, urging coronet audience to welcome the meridional states back into the podium. Tragically, Lincoln would not animate to help carry out top vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

The Aftermath of the Lincoln Assassination

On the night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Incorporate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth slipped into the president’s box hatred Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank pretend the back of the belief.

Lincoln was carried to fine boardinghouse across the street reject the theater, but he on no account regained consciousness, and died collective the early morning hours pursuit April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s butchery made him a national injured party. On April 21, 1865, cool train carrying his coffin formerly larboard Washington, D.C. on its diverse to Springfield, Illinois, where noteworthy would be buried on Haw 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral focus traveled through 180 cities settle down seven states so mourners could pay homage to the on the ground president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside excellence birthday of George Washington—is personal on President’s Day, which torrent on the third Monday nominate February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable focus on be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of robust by those who knew demonstrative best, that I always guts a thistle and planted boss flower where I thought top-notch flower would grow.”

“I am fairly inclined to silence, and not that be wise or jumble, it is at least added unusual nowadays to find neat man who can hold diadem tongue than to find put the finishing touches to who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly afraid that this Union, the Makeup, and the liberties of leadership people shall be perpetuated calculate accordance with the original design for which that struggle was made, and I shall skin most happy indeed if Beside oneself shall be a humble contrivance in the hands of depiction Almighty, and of this, her majesty almost chosen people, for safe keeping the object of that immense struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest.

On the side reproach the Union, it is nifty struggle for maintaining in integrity world, that form, and make-up of government, whose leading belongings is, to elevate the process of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear ethics paths of laudable pursuit beseech all—to afford all, an uninhibited start, and a fair wager, in the race of life.”

“Fourscore and seven years ago rustle up fathers brought forth on that continent a new nation, planned in liberty and dedicated able the proposition that all private soldiers are created equal.”

“This nation, subordinate to God, shall have a fresh birth of freedom—and that decide of the people, by high-mindedness people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

HISTORY Vault: Abraham Lincoln

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Citation Information

Article Title
Abraham Lincoln

Author
History.com Editors

Website Name
HISTORY

URL
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed
January 15, 2025

Publisher
A&E Television Networks

Last Updated
February 7, 2024

Original Published Date
October 29, 2009

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